Start with the decision
Before building a KPI, ask who uses it, what decision it informs and what action is expected when it changes. This prevents attractive but unactionable charts from dominating the reporting effort.
Work-management indicators
Useful measures may include emergency-work share, planned-ready backlog, schedule attainment, aged work, repeat defects and preventive-work completion. Definitions must stay consistent: changing what counts as “planned” can improve a chart without improving the operation.
MTBF, MTTR and availability
MTBF summarizes operating time between failures for repairable assets. MTTR summarizes repair time. A simple inherent-availability approximation is MTBF divided by MTBF plus MTTR. These measures can hide different failure modes, so use them with asset and context filters.
Energy performance
Whole-site energy per area can be useful for some buildings, but industrial facilities may be driven more by production volume, weather, operating hours or process load. Choose normalization variables that reflect the actual energy driver.
Data quality is a KPI dependency
If work orders are closed without failure information or labor time, reliability metrics become weak regardless of the dashboard software. Track data completeness only where the missing data has a real downstream use.